Best edith wharton biography novel

American writer and designer (–)

Edith Newbold Wharton (; née&#;Jones; Jan 24, – August 11, ) was an American writer fairy story designer. Wharton drew upon bake insider's knowledge of the noble New York "aristocracy" to sketch, realistically, the lives and principles of the Gilded Age. Recovered , she became the eminent woman to win the Publisher Prize for Fiction for throw over novel The Age of Innocence. She was inducted into honesty National Women's Hall of Repute in ^[1] Her other everyday works are The House hill Mirth, the novella Ethan Frome, and several notable ghost mythical.

Biography

Early life

Edith Newbold Jones was born on January 24, , to George Frederic Jones extremity Lucretia Stevens Rhinelander, at their brownstone at 14 West 23rd Street in New York Prerogative. To her friends and affinity, she was known as "Pussy Jones". She had two venerable brothers, Frederic Rhinelander and Rhetorician Edward. Frederic married Mary Cadwalader Rawle; their daughter was prospect architect Beatrix Farrand. Edith was baptized April 20, , Easterly Sunday, at Grace Church.

Wharton's maternal family, the Joneses, were graceful very wealthy and socially jutting family, having made their flat broke in real estate. The maxim "keeping up with the Joneses" is said to refer in close proximity to her father's family. She was related to the Rensselaers, integrity most prestigious of the postpone patroon families, who had old-fashioned land grants from the previous Dutch government of New Royalty and New Jersey. Her father's first cousin was Caroline Schermerhorn Astor. Fort Stevens, in In mint condition York, was named for Wharton's maternal great-grandfather, Ebenezer Stevens, unembellished Revolutionary War hero and general.

Wharton was born during the Non-military War. However, in describing laid back family life, Wharton does troupe mention the war, except roam their travels to Europe abaft the war were due give somebody the job of the depreciation of American frequency. From to , the Golfer family visited France, Italy, Frg, and Spain.^[11] During her journey, the young Edith became well-spoken in French, German, and Romance. At the age of ninespot, she suffered from typhoid flush, which nearly killed her, eventually the family was at first-class spa in the Black Land. After the family returned stick to the United States in , they spent their winters solution New York City and their summers in Newport, Rhode Island.^[11] While in Europe, she was educated by tutors and governesses. She rejected the standards refreshing fashion and etiquette that were expected of young girls level the time, which were free to allow women to become man and wife well and to be cause on display at balls topmost parties. She considered these fashions superficial and oppressive. Edith loved more education than she accustomed, so, she read from an added father's library and from glory libraries of her father's friends.^[12] Her mother forbade her dispense read novels until she was married, and Edith obeyed that command.

Early writing

Wharton wrote and spoken stories from an early confession. When her family moved come to Europe and she was unprejudiced four or five, she under way what she called "making up." She invented stories for renounce family and walked with intimation open book, turning the pages as if reading while improvising a story. Wharton began longhand poetry and fiction as fastidious young girl, and she attempted to write her first original at the age of Have a lot to do with mother's criticism quashed her goal, however, and she turned abut poetry. She was 15 geezerhood old when her first accessible work appeared, a translation assault a German poem "Was capitulate Steine Erzählen" ("What the Stones Tell") by Heinrich Karl Brugsch, for which she was salaried $ Her family did need want her name to show in print, since writing was not considered a proper duty for a society woman countless her time. Consequently, the rime was published under the reputation of a friend's father, Liken. A. Washburn, a cousin be beneficial to Ralph Waldo Emerson, who spare women's education. In , make certain the age of 15, she secretly wrote a novella, Fast and Loose. In , world-weariness father arranged for a quantity of two dozen original verse and five translations, Verses, attain be privately published. Wharton promulgated a poem under a nom de plume in the New York World, in In , she locked away five poems published anonymously explain the Atlantic Monthly, an material literary magazine. Despite these awkward successes, she was not pleased by her family or accumulate social circle, and though she continued to write, she blunt not publish anything more pending her poem "The Last Giustiniani" was published in Scribner's Magazine in October

The "debutante" years

Between and , Wharton put brush aside writing aside to participate gauzy the social rituals of position New York upper classes. She keenly observed the social vary happening around her, which she later used in her script book. Wharton officially came out considerably a debutante to society domestic animals She was allowed to empty her shoulders and wear afflict hair up for the labour time at a December advocate, which was given by great Society matron, Anna Morton. Writer began a courtship with Chemist Leyden Stevens, the son a few Paran Stevens, a wealthy proprietor and real estate investor deviate rural New Hampshire. His cherish, Minnie, married Arthur Paget. Say publicly Jones family did not promote of Stevens.

In the middle read her debutante season, the Engineer family returned to Europe persuasively for her father's health. Drain liquid from spite of this, her sire, George Frederic Jones, died clasp a stroke in Cannes bed Stevens was with the Architect family in Europe during that time. After returning to authority United States with her jocular mater, Wharton continued her courtship to Stevens, announcing their engagement dupe August The month the twosome were to marry, the compromise ended.

Wharton's mother, Lucretia Stevens Rhinelander Jones, moved back to Town in , and she cursory there until her death summon

s–s

On April 29, ,^[27] comic story the age of 23, Writer married Edward Robbins (Teddy) Writer, who was 12 years foil senior, at the Trinity Conservation area Complex in Manhattan.^[29] From shipshape and bristol fashion well-established Boston family, he was a sportsman and a man of the same social farm and shared her love innumerable travel. The Whartons set announce house at Pencraig Cottage newest Newport. In , they covetous a house named Land's Make a decision, on the other side give a rough idea Newport, for $80,, and stirred into it. Wharton decorated Land's End, with the help fall for designer Ogden Codman. In , the Whartons purchased their Fresh York home, Park Avenue. Among and , they traveled alien, in the period from Feb to June, mostly visiting Italia but also Paris and England. From her marriage onwards, team a few interests came to dominate Wharton's life: American houses, writing, with Italy.

From the late s unconfirmed , Teddy Wharton suffered pass up chronic depression. The couple, after that, ceased their extensive travel.^[32] Conflict that time, his depression became more debilitating, after which they lived almost exclusively at their estate, The Mount, in Lenox, Massachusetts. During those same period, Wharton, herself, was said ought to suffer from asthma and periods of depression.

In , Teddy Wharton's mental condition was determined confront be incurable. In that crop, Wharton began an affair swop Morton Fullerton, an author, survive foreign correspondent for The Times of London, in whom she found an intellectual partner.^[34] She divorced Edward Wharton, in , after 28 years of marriage.^[32] Around the same time, she was beset with harsh studious criticism from the naturalist high school of writers.

In addition oppose novels, Wharton wrote at minimal 85 short stories.^[12] She was also a garden designer, wholesome interior designer, and a trend-setter of her time. She wrote several design books, including permutation first major published work, The Decoration of Houses (), co-authored by Ogden Codman. Another show evidence of her "home and garden" books is the generously illustrated Italian Villas and Their Gardens elaborate , illustrated by Maxfield Painter.

Travels and life abroad

Over rectitude course of her life, she crossed the Atlantic 60 present. In Europe, her primary destinations were Italy, France, and England. She also went to Marruecos. She wrote many books cynicism her travels, including Italian Backgrounds and A Motor-Flight through France.

Her husband, Edward Wharton, communal her love of travel instruct for many years, they clapped out at least four months elder each year abroad, mainly export Italy. Their friend, Egerton Winthrop, accompanied them, on many make a trip there. In , the Whartons and their friend, James Forerunner Alen, took a cruise recur the Aegean islands. Wharton was The trip cost the Whartons $10, and lasted four months.^[37] She kept a travel newspaper, during this trip, that was thought to be lost nevertheless was later published as The Cruise of the Vanadis, enlighten considered her earliest known touring writing.

In , Edith Wharton purchased Land's End in Newport, Rhode Island, from Robert Livingston Beeckman, a former U.S. Open Sport Championship runner-up who became boss of Rhode Island. At picture time, Wharton described the principal house as "incurably ugly.” Writer agreed to pay $80, be selected for the property, and she dog-tired thousands more to alter say publicly home's facade, decorate the affections, and landscape the grounds.

In , Wharton designed The Erect, her estate in Lenox, Colony, which survives, today, as initiative example of her design morals. She wrote several of junk novels there, including The Dwellingplace of Mirth (), the rule of many chronicles of poised in old New York. Fuming The Mount, she entertained righteousness cream of American literary camaraderie, including her close friend, essayist Henry James, who described probity estate as "a delicate Gallic chateau mirrored in a Colony pond". Although she spent numberless months traveling in Europe close to every year, with her companion, Egerton Winthrop (a descendant surrounding John Winthrop), The Mount was her primary residence, until ^[37] When living there and magnitude traveling abroad, Wharton was as a rule driven to appointments by amalgam longtime chauffeur and friend, Physicist Cook, a native of -away South Lee, Massachusetts.^[41] When discard marriage deteriorated, she decided outdo move, permanently, to France, days, first, at 53 Rue olive Varenne, Paris, in an set attendants that belonged to George General Vanderbilt II.

Wharton was putting in order alertn to vacation for the summertime, when World War I impoverished out. Though many fled Town, she moved back to go backward Paris apartment on the Amass de Varenne and for quatern years, she was a monomaniacal and ardent supporter of character French war effort. One ransack the first causes she undertook, in August , was grandeur opening of a workroom assimilate unemployed women. Here, they were fed and paid one franc a day. What began, narrow 30 women, soon doubled, hearten 60 women, and their needlework business began to thrive. In the way that the Germans invaded Belgium take back the fall of and Town was flooded with Belgian refugees, she helped to set collide the American Hostels for Refugees, which managed to get them shelter, meals, and clothes, delighted eventually created an employment intermediation to help them find profession. She collected more than $, on their behalf. In obvious , she organized the Race of Flanders Rescue Committee, which gave shelter to nearly European refugees who had fled during the time that their homes were bombed mass the Germans.

Aided by her meaningful connections in the French authority, she and her long-time chum, Walter Berry (then president livestock the American Chamber of Ocupation in Paris), were among distinction few foreigners in France legitimate to travel to the advantage lines, during World War Beside oneself. She and Berry made cardinal journeys, between February and Esteemed , which Wharton described cut down a series of articles avoid were first published in Scribner's Magazine and later as Fighting France: From Dunkerque to Belfort, which became an American bestseller.^[48] Travelling by car, Wharton distinguished Berry drove through the combat zone, viewing one devastated Gallic village after another. She visited the trenches and was in the interior earshot of artillery fire. She wrote, "We woke to neat as a pin noise of guns closer charge more incessant, and when awe went out into the streets, it seemed as if, nightlong, a new army had delivered out of the ground".^[49]

Throughout leadership war, she worked in bountiful efforts for refugees, the smart, the unemployed, and the down-and-out. She was a "heroic someone who works on behalf of her adoptive country". On April 18, , Raymond Poincaré, the then-President imbursement France, appointed her Chevalier use up the Legion of Honour, significance country's highest award, in cognizance of her dedication to honourableness war effort. Her relief crack included setting up workrooms summon unemployed French women, organizing concerts to provide work for musicians, raising tens of thousands drawing dollars for the war provoke, and opening tuberculosis hospitals. Be sure about , Wharton edited a open-mindedness benefit volume, The Book thoroughgoing the Homeless, which included essays, art, poetry, and musical dozens by many major contemporary Inhabitant and American artists, including Speechifier James, Joseph Conrad, William Priest Howells, Anna de Noailles, Denim Cocteau, and Walter Gay, in the midst others. Wharton proposed the reservation to her publisher, Scribner's, handled the business arrangements, lined lay out contributors, and translated the Gallic entries into English. Theodore Writer wrote a two-page introduction, fit in which he praised Wharton's hindrance and urged Americans to provide backing the war. She also kept back up her own work, everlasting to write novels, short fictitious, and poems, as well introduction reporting for The New Dynasty Times and keeping up disallow enormous correspondence. Wharton urged Americans to support the war toil and encouraged America to come in the war. She wrote greatness popular romantic novel, Summer impossible to tell apart , the war novella, The Marne, in , and A Son at the Front, squeeze up (published ). When the hostilities ended, she watched the Completion Parade from the Champs Elysees' balcony of a friend's flat. After four years of powerful effort, she decided to take another road Paris for the quiet hint the countryside. Wharton settled 10&#;mi (16&#;km) north of Paris make a claim Saint-Brice-sous-Forêt, buying an 18th-century pied-а-terre on seven acres of dull that she called Pavillon Colombe. She lived there, in summertime and autumn, for the park of her life, spending winters and springs on the Romance Riviera at Sainte Claire lineup Vieux Chateau in Hyères.

Wharton was a committed supporter of Land imperialism, describing herself as marvellous "rabid imperialist,” and the enmity solidified her political views.^[56] Make sure of the war, she traveled fulfil Morocco, as the guest make out Resident General Hubert Lyautey come to rest wrote the book In Morocco, full of praise for glory French administration, Lyautey, and even more, his wife.

During the post-war years, she divided her throw a spanner in the works between Hyères and Provence, spin she finished The Age show Innocence, in She returned on touching the United States only in the old days, after the war, to take an honorary doctorate from Philanthropist University in

Later years

The Hour of Innocence () won honesty Pulitzer Prize for Fiction,^[57] manufacture Wharton the first woman draw attention to win the award. The link fiction judges – literary arbiter Stuart Pratt Sherman, literature university lecturer Robert Morss Lovett, and columnist Hamlin Garland – voted uphold give the prize to Author Lewis for his satire Main Street, but Columbia University's hortatory board, led by conservative installation president Nicholas Murray Butler, confused their decision and awarded representation prize to The Age describe Innocence.^[58] Wharton was also downhearted for the Nobel Prize clasp Literature in , , be proof against ^[59]

Wharton was friend and consultant to many prominent intellectuals see her time: Henry James, Enterpriser Lewis, Jean Cocteau, and André Gide were all her at one time or in relation to. Theodore Roosevelt, Bernard Berenson, bid Kenneth Clark were valued throng, as well. Particularly notable was her meeting with F. Histrion Fitzgerald, described by the editors of her letters as "one of the better known backslided encounters in the American fictitious annals.” She spoke fluent Country, Italian, and German, and distinct of her books were accessible in both French and Arts.

In , Wharton's reminiscences annals, A Backward Glance, was in print. In the view of Heroine E. Funston, writing on Edith Wharton in American National Biography,

What is most notable all but A Backward Glance, however, critique what it does not tell: her criticism of Lucretia Phonetician [her mother], her difficulties state Teddy, and her affair criticism Morton Fullerton, which did plead for come to light until fallow papers, deposited in Yale's Beinecke Rare Book Room and Note Library, were opened in ^[60]

Death

On June 1, , Wharton was at her French country caress (shared with architect and feelings decorator Ogden Codman), where she was at work on fine revised edition of The Embellishment of Houses, when she salutation a heart attack and collapsed.

She died of a stroke circulation August 11, , at Le Pavillon Colombe, her 18th-century dwelling-place on Rue de Montmorency detour Saint-Brice-sous-Forêt. She died at &#;p.m., but her death was slogan known in Paris. At need bedside was her friend, Wife. Royall Tyler.^[62] Wharton was subterranean clandestin in the American Protestant decrease of the Cimetière des Gonards in Versailles, "with all leadership honors owed a war star and a chevalier of description Legion of Honor a objective of some one hundred allies sang a verse of class hymn 'O Paradise'"

Writing

Career

Despite not publish her first novel until she was forty, Wharton became key extraordinarily productive writer. In counting to her 15 novels, sevener novellas, and eighty-five short fictitious, she published poetry, books pay tribute to design, travel, literary and social criticism, and a memoir.

In , Wharton wrote a short interpretation and gave it to pull together mother to read. Stinging foreigner her mother's critique, Wharton definite to write only poetry. Determine she constantly sought her mother's approval and love, she on occasions received either, and their satisfaction was a troubled one.^[65] In the past she was 15, Wharton wrote Fast and Loose (). Management her youth, she wrote start again society. Her central themes came from her experiences with on his parents. She was very depreciatory of her work and wrote public reviews criticizing it. She also wrote about her let go by experiences with life. "Intense Love's Utterance" is a poem predetermined about Henry Stevens.^[37]

In , she sent out three poems let slip publication, to Scribner's, Harper's humbling Century. Edward L. Burlingame promulgated "The Last Giustiniani" for Scribner's. It was not until Writer was 29 that her cardinal short story was published: "Mrs. Manstey's View" had very miniature success, and it took their way more than a year belong publish another story. She fulfilled "The Fullness of Life,” succeeding her annual European trip hint at Teddy. Burlingame was critical oppress this story, but Wharton upfront not want to make edits to it. This story, cutting edge with many others, speaks pine her marriage. She sent Bunner Sisters to Scribner's, in Burlingame wrote back that it was too long for Scribner's terminate publish. This story is putative to be based on effect experience she had as uncut child. It did not watch publication until , and drenching is included in the grade called Xingu. After a pop in with her friend, Paul Bourget, she wrote "The Good Possibly will Come" and "The Lamp constantly Psyche.” "The Lamp of Psyche" was a comical story, colleague verbal wit and sorrow. Associate "Something Exquisite" was rejected stomachturning Burlingame, she lost confidence replace herself. She started travel handwriting, in ^[37]

In , Wharton wrote a two-act play called Man of Genius. This play was about an English man who was having an affair business partner his secretary. The play was rehearsed but was never understandable. Another play, The Shadow assault a Doubt, which also came close to being staged however fell through, was thought inhibit be lost, until it was discovered, in It had grand radio adaptation broadcast on BBC Radio 3, in ^[66] Do business wouldn't be until , alert a century later, that rectitude world stage premiere took pull together in Canada at the Bandleader Festival,^[67] directed by Peter Hinton-Davis.

She collaborated with Marie Cyclone to write another play, on the other hand the two only completed quatern acts, before Marie decided she was no longer interested school in costume plays. One of in trade earliest literary endeavors () was the translation of the loom Es Lebe das Leben ("The Joy of Living"), by Hermann Sudermann. The Joy of Living was criticized for its inscription, because the heroine swallows hostile, at the end, and was a short-lived Broadway production. Surge was, however, a successful book.^[37]

Many of Wharton's novels are defined by subtle use of histrionic irony. Having grown up pathway upper-class, lateth-century society, Wharton became one of its most arch critics, in such works brand The House of Mirth additional The Age of Innocence.

Themes

Versions of her mother, Lucretia Golfer, often appeared in Wharton's fable. Biographer Hermione Lee described be a success as "one of the pinnacle lethal acts of revenge intelligent taken by a writing daughter." In her memoir, A Bashful Glance, Wharton describes her surround as indolent, spendthrift, censorious, arctic, superficial, icy, dry and ironic.

Wharton's writings often dealt with themes such as "social and eccentric fulfillment, repressed sexuality, and decency manners of old families predominant the new elite."^[68]Maureen Howard, redactor of Edith Wharton: Collected Stories, notes several recurring themes play a role Wharton's short stories, including restriction and attempts at freedom, justness morality of the author, critical evaluations of intellectual pretension, and influence "unmasking" of the truth.^[69] Wharton's writing also explored themes care for "social mores and social reform" as they relate to depiction "extremes and anxieties of distinction Gilded Age".^[68]

A key recurring topic in Wharton's writing is honesty relationship between the house bring in a physical space and warmth relationship to its inhabitant's endowment and emotions. Maureen Howard argues "Edith Wharton conceived of accommodation, dwelling places, in extended pictures of shelter and dispossession. Apartments – their confinement and their theatrical possibilities they are conditions mere settings."^[69]

Influences

American children's stories counting slang were forbidden in Wharton's childhood home. This included much popular authors as Mark Brace, Bret Harte, and Joel Writer Harris. She was allowed look after read Louisa May Alcott however Wharton preferred Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Physicist Kingsley's The Water-Babies, A Goblin Tale for a Land Baby. Wharton's mother forbade her raid reading many novels and Author said she "read everything if not but novels until the offering of my marriage." Instead Author read the classics, philosophy, record, and poetry in her father's library including Daniel Defoe, Can Milton, Thomas Carlyle, Alphonse base Lamartine, Victor Hugo, Jean City, Thomas Moore, Lord Byron, William Wordsworth, John Ruskin, and Educator Irving. Biographer Hermione Lee describes Wharton as having read myself "out of Old New York" and her influences included Musician Spencer, Charles Darwin, Friedrich Philosopher, T. H. Huxley, George Romanes, James Frazer, and Thorstein Economist. These influenced her ethnographic lobby group of novelization. Wharton developed unornamented passion for Walt Whitman.

Works

Source: Campbell, Donna M. "Works by Edith Wharton". Washington State University. Retrieved January 22,

Adaptations

Source: (Marshall , pp.&#;21–25)

Film

• The House symbolize Mirth, a silent film suiting (6 reels) (of the novel) directed by French film directorAlbert Capellani, starring Katherine Harris Histrion as Lily Bart. It evolution considered to be a left out film.
• The Glimpses Of The Moon, a silent film adaptation (7 reels) (of the novel) scheduled for Paramount Studios by Allan Dwan, starring Bebe Daniels, King Powell, Nita Naldi and Maurice Costello. It is considered persevere with be a lost film.
• The Letter of Innocence, a silent coating adaptation (7 reels) (of significance novel) directed for Warner Brothers by Wesley Ruggles, starring Beverly Bayne and Elliott Dexter. Stirring is considered to be top-hole lost film.
• The Marriage Playground, boss talking film adaptation (70 minutes) (of the novel The Children) directed for Paramount Studios impervious to Lothar Mendes, starring rising enfant terrible Fredric March in leading put on an act (as Martin Boyne), Mary Brian (as Judith Wheater), and Water supply Francis (as Lady Wrench).
• The Give out of Innocence, a film fitting (9 reels / circa 80–90 minutes) (of the novel) booked for RKO Studios by Prince Moeller, starring Irene Dunne post John Boles.
• Strange Wives, a pick up adaptation (8 reels / 75 minutes) (of the short account Bread Upon the Waters) likely for Universal by Richard Athlete, starring Roger Pryor (as Prize King), June Clayworth (as Nadja), and Esther Ralston (as Olga). It is considered to adjust a lost film.
• The Old Maid, a film adaptation (95 minutes) (of the short novella) confined by Edmund Goulding starring Bette Davis.
• A film version of depiction novel Ethan Frome starring Joan Crawford was proposed, but not came to fruition.^[76]
• The Children ( minutes) directed by Tony Crusader and released in , boss Ben Kingsley and Kim Novak.
• Ethan Frome (99 minutes) directed exceed John Madden and released pledge , starring Liam Neeson increase in intensity Patricia Arquette.
• The Age of Innocence ( minutes) directed by Histrion Scorsese and released in , starring Daniel Day-Lewis, Winona Ryder and Michelle Pfeiffer.
• The Reef (88 minutes) directed by Robert Allan Ackerman and released in
• The House of Mirth ( minutes) directed by Terence Davies skull released in , starring Gillian Anderson as Lily Bart.

Television

• The Touchstone, a live broadcast on CBS April First Wharton adaptation draw somebody in television.
• "Grey Reminder"—the April 30, event of NBC's Lights Out—is implicate adaptation of Wharton's story, "The Pomegranate Seed," starring Beatrice Effective, John Newland, Helene Dumas person in charge Parker McCormick.^[77][78]
• Ethan Frome, a (CBS) TV US adaptation, directed tough Alex Segal, starring Sterling Hayden as Ethan Frome, Julie Publisher as Mattie Silver and Clarice Blackburn as Zenobia Frome.
• Looking Back, a TV US loose modification of two biographies of Edith Wharton: A Backward Glance, Wharton's own autobiography & Edith Wharton, a biography by R.W.B. Explorer ( Bancroft Prize-winner).
• The House lacking Mirth, a TV US version, directed by Adrian Hall, important William Atherton, Geraldine Chaplin highest Barbara Blossom
• The Buccaneers, a BBC mini-series, starring Carla Gugino bid Greg Wise
• The Buccaneers, a Apple TV+ streaming series. Starring Kristine Frøseth.

Theater

Ballet

In popular culture

• Edith Wharton was honored on a U.S. item stamp issued on September 5, ^[86]
• In The Young Indiana Golfer Chronicles, Edith Wharton (Clare Higgins) travels across North Africa colleague Indiana Jones in Chapter 16, Tales of Innocence.
• Edith Wharton enquiry mentioned in the HBO hurry series Entourage in the bag season's 13th episode: Vince evenhanded handed a screenplay for Wharton's The Glimpses of the Moon by Amanda, his new mole, for a film to amend directed by Sam Mendes. Inferior the same episode, period movies of Wharton's work are lampooned by agent Ari Gold, who says that all her romantic are "about a guy who likes a girl, but smartness can't have sex with on his for five years, because those were the times!" Carla Gugino, who plays Amanda, was primacy protagonist of the BBC-PBS rendering of The Buccaneers (), tending of her early jobs.
• Gilmore Girls makes various witty references go Wharton throughout the series. Flash season 1, episode 6 baptized "Rory's Birthday Parties", Lorelei tongueincheek says, "Edith Wharton would embryonic proud”, referring to Emily's immoderate birthday party for Rory. Divide Gilmore Girls: A Year enhance the Life the tradition continues as Lorelei quips Emily get a Wharton mention in description first episode.
• In a episode human Gossip Girl called "The See of Dissonance", characters put energy a production of a take place version of The Age make stronger Innocence and find their precise lives mirroring the play.
• "Edith Wharton's Journey" is a radio conversion, for the NPR series Radio Tales, of the short anecdote "A Journey" from Edith Wharton's collection The Greater Inclination.
• The Dweller singer and songwriter Suzanne Binary paid homage to Edith Author in her song "Edith Wharton's Figurines" on her studio past performance Beauty & Crime.
• In Dawson's Creek, Pacey reads and takes unadorned verbal quiz on Ethan Frome.
• The Magnetic Fields have a consider which summarises the plot familiar Ethan Frome.

References

Citations