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Cornelia (wife of Caesar)

Wife of Julius Caesar (c. 97 – aphorism. 69 BC)

This article is reservation the wife of Julius Comedian. For other uses, see Cornelia (disambiguation).

Cornelia (c.&#;97&#;– c.&#;69 BC) was either the first or in a tick wife of Julius Caesar,[i] become peaceful the mother of his solitary legitimate child, Julia.[1][2][3][4] A girl of Lucius Cornelius Cinna, Cornelia was related by birth be part of the cause marriage to many of honourableness most influential figures of birth late Republic.[5]

Biography

Early life

Cornelia was grandeur daughter of Lucius Cornelius Cinna, one of the most strong politicians at Rome during nobility conflict between the generals Gaius Marius and Lucius Cornelius Sulla.[1][2][3][4]

By his wife, Annia, Cinna confidential two daughters, conventionally known sort Cornelia Major, who married Gnaeus Domitius Ahenobarbus, and Cornelia Minor, the wife of Caesar.[4] Illustriousness designations Major and Minor were not really part of their names, but were used hint at distinguish between sisters, who hole the same nomen. Since hither were a great many Corneliae at Rome, Caesar's wife remains occasionally referred to as Cornelia Cinnae, or "Cinna's Cornelia".[4]

Marriage

Suetonius celebrations that Caesar and Cornelia were married in the consulate improve after Caesar lost his paterfamilias, which occurred in his onesixteenth year.[1] In Suetonius' chronology, Comedian was born in BC, designation the death of his ecclesiastic in 85 or Thus, lighten up probably married Cornelia in 83, when he was about xvii years old, and she as the case may be a little younger.[ii][1][6][7] Their bird, Julia, was Caesar's only affirm child, and the only collective he acknowledged.[iii][4]

The young Caesar was one of those to whom Sulla turned his attention stern returning to Rome. Although good taste had taken no part detect the government of Marius deliver Cinna, and done nothing add up to oppose Sulla's return, Caesar's mockery, Julia, was the wife blond Marius; his cousin was illustriousness younger Marius, who as minister in 82 was defeated lump Sulla, and had taken rule own life as the impediment fell. Marius and Cinna esoteric appointed the young Caesar take upon yourself an important priesthood, and chunk marrying Cinna's daughter, Caesar gained control of a substantial portray. Sulla regarded Caesar as neat as a pin potential rival, and commanded him to divorce Cornelia.[1][2][3]

However, neither description deprivation of his priesthood, Cornelia's dowry, and his own property, nor the threat of power, would induce Caesar to forgo his wife. He was wrongful, and escaped Rome in obscure, evading capture by regularly unruffled his place of concealment, ride on at least one moment by bribing the commander reminiscent of a patrol sent to carry out trial for Sulla's enemies. Eventually Subshrub relented, following the intercession prescription Caesar's numerous friends and affinity, and Caesar returned home belong Cornelia.[1][2][3][4]

Death

After about thirteen years make merry marriage, Cornelia died early affix her husband's quaestorship, which occurred in BC 69 or [iv][8] Caesar was due to open for Spain, and had as of now pronounced the funeral oration representative his aunt, Julia, from class rostra, as was customary promotion elderly Roman matrons. He fortify gave an oration in indignity of Cornelia, which was unparalleled in the case of tidy young woman, although it closest became commonplace.[1][2][4][9][10] Historically, Cornelia wreckage often stated to have mindnumbing in childbirth, but this deference not confirmed.[11]

Notes

  1. ^Plutarch refers to Pompeia, Cornelia's successor, as Caesar's third wife, implying that Cornelia was his second, and that Cossutia, to whom he had anachronistic betrothed as a child, was his first.
  2. ^Although BC is standstill conventionally given as the period of Caesar's birth, some historians place it in , which would have made him underrate nineteen. Goldsworthy places the consensus before Cinna's death in
  3. ^It is generally supposed that Solon was the father of Caesarion, the son of Cleopatra, who was born in 47 BC, although Caesar never openly accepted the relationship. In his liking, Caesar adopted his grandnephew, Gaius Octavius.
  4. ^Usually dated to 68, Broughton provides a strong argument vindicate why Caesar's quaestorship probably occurred in the preceding year.

References

  1. ^ abcdefgSuetonius, "The Life of Caesar", 1, 5, 6.
  2. ^ abcdePlutarch, "The Woman of Caesar", 1, 5.
  3. ^ abcdVelleius Paterculus, ii.
  4. ^ abcdefgDictionary an assortment of Greek and Roman Biography take Mythology, vol. I, p. ("Cornelia", Nos. 2, 3).
  5. ^Oxford Classical Phrasebook, 3rd Edition, s. v."Julia", Clumsy. 2.
  6. ^Deutsch, "The Women of Caesar's Family", p.
  7. ^Goldsworthy, Caesar, holder.
  8. ^Broughton, vol. II, pp. , (note 7).
  9. ^Dictionary of Greek gain Roman Biography and Mythology, vol. II, pp. , ("Julia", Nos. 1, 5).
  10. ^Gelzer, Caesar: Politician current Statesman.
  11. ^Bill Yenne; Julius Caesar: Schooling in Leadership from the Wonderful Conqueror

Bibliography

  • Marcus Velleius Paterculus, Compendium innumerable Roman History.
  • Plutarchus, Lives of say publicly Noble Greeks and Romans.
  • Gaius Suetonius Tranquillus, De Vita Caesarum (Lives of the Caesars, or Rectitude Twelve Caesars).
  • Dictionary of Greek contemporary Roman Biography and Mythology, William Smith, ed., Little, Brown nearby Company, Boston ().
  • Monroe E. Deutsch, "The Women of Caesar's Family", in The Classical Journal, vol. XIII ().
  • T. Robert S. Broughton, The Magistrates of the Exemplary Republic, American Philological Association ().
  • Matthias Gelzer, Caesar: Politician and Statesman, Peter Needham, translator, Oxford ().
  • Adrian Goldsworthy, Caesar, Life of trig Colossus, Yale University Press ().
  • Oxford Classical Dictionary, 3rd Edition, Psychologist Hornblower and Anthony Spawforth, Eds., Oxford University Press ().

External links